Electric battery



(No Model.)

I. L. ROBERTS.

ELECTRIC BATTERY. No. 386,090. Patented July 10, 1888.

BY Na., l. 6W/aww@ WITNESSES Amaai erica..

ISAIAI'I L. ROBERTS, OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE ROBERTS- BRIVOORT ELECTRIC COMPANY, (LIMITED) OF NEV YORK.

BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 386,090, July 10, 1828.

Application filed June 7, 1586.

To all whom may concern.-

Be it known that l, IsALiH L. Renners, a resident ofthe city of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, and a citizen ofthe United Stat-es, have invented a new and Improved Electric Battery, of which the t'ollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to an electric battery; and it consists, primarily, of a battery the eX- citing materials of which are in a condition-of a paste, and which battery may be inverted and used without spilling,aud may be handled in the charged condition.

Reference is had to theaccoinpanyiug drawn ings, in which-- Figure l is a verticalsection of my improved battery contained in a glassjar. Fig. 2 is a transverse section taken in the plane x a5, Fig. 1. Fig. a side elevation, partly in section, ot' my alternate construction. Fig. 4: is a transverse section taken on theplaney/y, Figli.

Similar letters referto similar paris throughout the several views.

In the drawings,at A, Figs. l and 2, is shown a glass celi,wiihin which is contained the pasty exciting compound I3. At C is shown the carbon; I),the zinc, both provided with the usual ihuinbsrrews. At E is shown an air-tight cover, hereinafter described.

At Figs. 3 and it is shown my alternate constructioinwhich consists of a cylinder of carbon, F,\vith a cavity,either bored or molded, within it, in which is placed the pasty exciting` compound I3. The manner of fastening the binding-post to the carbon cylinder forms the subject ol' a prior patent granted to me, and does not need to be described here. At lil is shown au airtight cover, which is identirai with the cover shown in Fig. l. C is a disk,ofglass or other noncenducting material, which is inserted before the paste is put in, and on which the zine rests, thus preventing` short-circuiting.

I will now describe the pasty compound.

I take any permangauate, preferably permanganate of potash; I take biehroinate of soda, and I take any salt ol' an alkali, preferably a chloride. I prefer to use chloride of am moniu m,because it terms a pasty mass more readily with the bichroinate of soda, and I Serial No. 204,315. (No model.)

prefer bichromate of soda because it is deliquescent.

I proceed to make my battery as follows: I take two pounds of peri'nanganate of potash and four pounds of sal-ammoniac. I make a saturated solution of the biehromate of soda. I then add this to the other compound in suicient quantity, stirring.l all the time, so as to make a paste which will not How. This pasty mass is then to be placed in a battery-cell, as

A or F, containing a zinc and a carbon element, as C D, around which the pasty mass is packed, as illustrated in Figs. land 2, or within a carbon cylinder, as illustrated in Figs and 4.

The above-nanied proportions I have found to be the best', though various other proportions may be used.

The paste B never dries, but always remains moist if bichromate of soda, chloride ot' calcium, or some deliquescent salt of an alkali is used, but is stiff enough, if properly made, not to be displaced when the battery is iu verted or shaken about. Vhen the pasty mass is poured or packed about the elements in the cell, the battery will be ready for use. Chloride of ammonium among the alkaline salts seems to possess an advantage in hastening the attainment of the pasty condition ot' the mass, appearing to cause the same to set, like pIaSter-Of-paris. It` no deliquescent salt is used in the composition ofthe paste, it must be well sealed up with a cover, for evaporation will ultimately dry it and stop all possibility ot' chemical action.

The battery may ordinarily be made with a glass cell and With a carbon and azine element within the same, a cover being used if deliquescent materials are not employed, though a tight cover is best used in all cases. If desired,acarbon cup, F, may be made. The pasty mass B may be packed into the cup about the zine, care being taken that the zinc does not touch the carbon. In this way the carbon cup F acts as an element of the battery and as a eontaining-vesselvi'or the saine. In this case I proceed as follows: The carbon cup being filled with a very pasty mass of the previously-described compound,the Zinc Should be inserted in it at about the center ot' the pasty mass to such a depth as not to touch the bottom of piece of parafne should be passed over the surface, so as to close the outer pores of the carbon completely, but not sufficiently so as to penetrate through its entire body.

, What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The eornbination,in an electric battery having the exciting material in the form of a paste, of a permanganate, bichrornate yof soda, and the salt of4 an alkali, substantially as de 2o scribed.

2. The combination7 in an electric battery having the exciting material inthe form of a paste,of pernianganate of potash, bichromate ot'soda, and the salt of an alkali, substantially as described.

3. An electricA battery composed of a containing-vessel and a pasty exciting-mass consisting of bichromate of soda, a permanganate, and the salt of an alkali, in combination with the negative and positive elements and a cover of asphalt .or asphalt and rosin, substantially as herein shown and described. y

4:. As a new article of manufacture, an exciting-mass for an electric battery, consisting of bichrolnate of soda, a salt of an alkali, and t a permanganate combined, substantially as described.

I. L. ROBERTS.

Witnesses: Y

BERN. T. VETTERLEIN, GEORGE W. BoRoHERs. 

